A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF END-TIDAL CO₂ LEVELS IN DIFFERENT MENSTRUAL PHASES IN PMS-AFFECTED SUBJECTS
Authors: Karthik Venkatesan Rajan
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17377909
Published: October 2024
Abstract
<p><em>Previous studies have been reported that about 80% of women experience premenstrual syndrome (PMS) during luteal phase of menstrual cycle. Normally menstruating women show hypocapnia followed by increased ventilation due to increased progesterone during the luteal phase compared follicular phase. As specific reason for PMS has not still been proved, various theories have been revealed and hence for PMS specific treatment is still not available. <strong>Aim</strong>: To assess the effect of End tidal carbondioxide concentration on different phases of menstrual cycle in subjects suffering from PMS. <strong>Material and methods</strong>: We recruited 50 female volunteers aged around 26±5 yrs with normal menstrual cycle and complaint of PMS. End tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO<sub>2</sub>) and respiration rate was noninvasively monitored by using capnometer during the follicular phase (days 6<sup>th</sup> or 7<sup>th</sup>), the luteal phase (days 25<sup>th</sup> or 26<sup>th</sup>) and 2<sup>nd</sup> day of menstrual phase. <strong>Results</strong>: Respiratory rate and heart rate were significantly increased in luteal phase when compared to follicular and menstrual phase. The highlighted result of our study was lower ETCO<sub>2</sub> in luteal phase than other two phases. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Reduced ETCO<sub>2 </sub>(hypocapnia) due hyperventilation in luteal phase may alter the functions of chemo sensitive neurons which may be the reason for PMS. In women with many kinds of stress the psychological symptoms may gradually be disappeared with normalization of breathing habits during luteal phase of menstrual cycle. </em></p> <p><strong> </strong></p>
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