FIRE SAFETY IN MARKET ARCHITECTURE: A CASE STUDY OF KARU MODERN MARKET, ABUJA, NIGERIA

Abstract

Market fire disasters in Nigeria continue to pose serious risks to lives, property, and economic stability, largely due to weak safety infrastructure, poor enforcement of building codes, and low user preparedness. The Modern Market in Karu, Abuja, exemplifies these vulnerabilities, where inadequate escape routes, absence of suppression systems, and poor accessibility for firefighting increase susceptibility to catastrophic outbreaks. This study examines the effectiveness of incorporating fire safety design measures in the market’s development. Specifically, it assesses awareness and compliance among shop users, identifies essential fire safety features, and explores the challenges of implementation. A mixed-method approach using surveys and field observations was adopted. Findings reveal low awareness of fire safety practices, poor compliance with existing measures, and critical infrastructural gaps. Market users emphasized the need for fire-resistant materials, smoke management systems, and regular safety drills. Challenges include weak enforcement of standards, inadequate training, and poor equipment maintenance. The study concludes that deliberate integration of fire safety design measures is crucial to enhance resilience, safeguard livelihoods, and contribute to sustainable urban development.