ASSESSING THE ECOLOGICAL AND HEALTH RISKS OF INADEQUATE PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN ABA, NIGERIA

Abstract

Improper disposal of pharmaceutical waste in public health centers poses significant environmental and public health threats. This study investigates the methods, implications, and level of awareness surrounding drug disposal in public health facilities in Aba Metropolitan, Nigeria. Data were collected through structured questionnaires, interviews, and environmental sampling. Findings reveal that improper disposal practices, including flushing, open dumping, and burning of expired or unused drugs, contribute to soil and water contamination, antimicrobial resistance, and community health risks. The study recommends institutionalizing sustainable pharmaceutical waste management protocols and public education to mitigate adverse outcomes.